jiejuefangan

Pehea e wehewehe a helu ai i ka dB, dBm, dBw… he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou?

Pehea e wehewehe a helu ai i ka dB, dBm, dBw… he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou?

 

ʻO ka dB ka manaʻo kumu nui loa i ke kamaʻilio kelepona.'Ōlelo pinepine mākou "he xx dB ka hoʻouna ʻana," "he xx dBm ka mana hoʻouna," "he xx dBi ka loaʻa antenna" ...

I kekahi manawa, huikau paha kēia dB X a hiki i nā hewa helu helu.No laila, he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou?

 2

Pono e hoʻomaka me ka dB.

I ka hiki ʻana i ka dB, ʻo ka manaʻo maʻamau ʻo 3dB!

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo 3dB ma ke kiʻi mana a i ʻole BER (Bit Error Rate).Akā, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea pohihihi.

ʻO kahi hāʻule o 3dB ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻemi ʻia ka mana e ka hapalua, a ʻo ka helu 3dB ʻo ia ka hapalua o ka mana.

+3dB 'o ia ho'i ka papalua o ka mana, -3Db 'o ia ho'i ka emi 'ana he ½.Pehea mai keia?

 

He mea maʻalahi loa ia.E nānā kākou i ke ʻano helu helu o dB:

 9

 

Hōʻike ka dB i ka pilina ma waena o ka mana P1 a me ka mana kuhikuhi P0.Inā ʻelua P0 ka P1, a laila:

 4

inā he hapalua ka P1 o ka P0, a laila,

 5

e pili ana i nā manaʻo kumu a me ka waiwai hana o logarithms, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka makemakika o logarithms.

 1111

 

[Nīnau]: Hoʻonui ʻia ka mana e 10 manawa.Ehia dB i laila?

E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomanaʻo i kahi ʻano kumu ma aneʻi.

+3 *2

+10*10

-3 / 2

-10 / 10

ʻO +3dB ka manaʻo e hoʻonui ʻia ka mana e 2 mau manawa;

ʻO + 10dB ka manaʻo e hoʻonui ʻia ka mana e 10 mau manawa.

-3 dB 'o ia ho'i, ua emi ka mana i 1/2;

-10dB 'o ia ho'i ua ho'emi 'ia ka mana i 1/10.

 

 

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ka dB kahi waiwai pili, a ʻo kāna misionari ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi helu nui a liʻiliʻi paha ma kahi ʻano pōkole.

 

Hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi kēia ʻano hana i kā mākou helu a me ka wehewehe.ʻOi loa i ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i kahi palapala, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha iā ia me kou lolo ponoʻī.

Inā maopopo iā ʻoe i ka dB, i kēia manawa, e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā helu ʻohana dB:

E hoʻomaka kākou me ka dBm a me dBw maʻamau.

ʻO ka dBm a me ka dBw e hoʻololi i ka mana kuhikuhi P0 ma ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike dB me 1 mW, 1W.

 3

ʻO 1mw a me 1w nā waiwai paʻa, no laila hiki i ka dBm a me ka dBw ke hōʻike i ka waiwai piha o ka mana.

 

Eia ka papa hoʻololi mana no kāu kuhikuhi.

Watt dBm dBw
0.1 pW -100 dBm -130 dBw
1 pW -90 dBm -120 dBw
10 pW -80 dBm -110 dBw
100 pW -70 dBm -100 dBw
1n W -60 dBm -90 dBw
10 nW -50 dBm -80 dBw
100 nW -40 dBm -70 dBw
1 uW -30 dBm -60 dBw
10 uW -20 dBm -50 dBw
100 uW -10 dBm -40 dBw
794 uW -1 dBm -31 dBw
1.000 mW 0 dBm -30 dBw
1.259 Mw 1 dBm -29 dBw
10 mW 10 dBm -20 dBw
100 Mw 20 dBm -10 dBw
1 W 30 dBm 0 dBw
10 W 40 dBm 10 dBw
100 W 50 dBm 20 dBw
1 kW 60 dBm 30 dBw
10 kW 70 dBm 40 dBw
100 kW 80 dBm 50 dBw
1 MW 90 dBm 60 dBw
10 MW 100 dBm 70 dBw

 

Pono kākou e hoʻomanaʻo:

1w = 30dBm

ʻO 30 ka pae hoʻohālikelike, ua like ia me 1w.

E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia, a hoʻohui i ka "+3 *2, +10*10, -3/2, -10/10" mua hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā helu he nui:

[Nīnau] 44dBm = ?w

Maanei, pono mākou e hoʻomaopopo i kēia:

Koe wale no 30dBm ma ka aoao akau o ka hoohalike, pono e hoikeia ke koena o na mea i maheleia ma ka dB.

[Laʻana] Inā he 46dBm ka mana puka o A a ʻo ka mana puka o B he 40dBm, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he 6dB ka nui ma mua o B.

[Laʻana] Inā he 12 dBd ka antenna A, he 14dBd ka antenna B, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he 2dB ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o B.

 8

 

No ka laʻana, ʻo 46dB ʻo ia ka P1 he 40 tausani manawa P0, a ʻo 46dBm ke ʻano o ka waiwai o P1 he 40w.Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻokoʻa M, akā hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano.

Loaʻa i ka ʻohana dB maʻamau ka dBi, dBd, a me dBc.Ua like kā lākou helu helu me ke ʻano helu helu dB, a hōʻike lākou i ka waiwai pili o ka mana.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa kā lākou mau kuhikuhi.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka mana kuhikuhi P0 ma ka denominator.

 10

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana i ka loaʻa like, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka dBi, ʻo 2.15 ka nui ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻia ma dBd.Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻokoʻa e nā kuhikuhi like ʻole o nā antenna ʻelua.

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻohana dB ke hōʻike wale i ka loaʻa a me ka nalowale o ka mana akā ua hōʻike pū kekahi i ka volta, ka manawa, a me ka leo, etc.,

Pono e hoʻomaopopoʻia no ka loaʻaʻana o ka mana, hoʻohana mākou i ka 10lg (Po / Pi), a no ka voltage a me kēia manawa, hoʻohana mākou i 20lg (Vo / Vi) a me 20lg (Lo / Li)

 6

Pehea i loaʻa ai kēia 2 mau manawa hou mai?

 

Loaʻa kēia mau manawa 2 mai ka huinahā o ke ʻano hoʻololi mana uila.ʻO ka n-ka mana i loko o ka logarithm pili i n manawa ma hope o ka helu ʻana.

 640

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i kāu papa physics kula kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka pilina hoʻololi ma waena o ka mana, ka uila, a me ka manawa.

I ka hope, ua hoʻokō au i kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana dB nui no kāu kuhikuhi.

Waiwai pili:

hōʻailona Inoa piha
dB decibel
dBc mea lawe decibel
dBd decibel dipole
dBi decibel-isotropic
nā dBF decibel piha piha
dBrn leo kuhi decibel

 

Waiwai piha:

hōʻailona

Inoa piha

Kūlana Kūlana

dBm decibel milliwatt 1mW
dBW decibel watt 1W
dBμV microvolt decibel 1μVRMS
dBmV decibel millivolt 1mVRMS
dBV decibel volt 1VRMS
dBu decibel unloaded 0.775VRMS
dBμA microampere decibel 1μA
dBmA decibel milliampere 1mA
dBohm decibel ohms
dBHz decibel hertz 1Hz
dBSPL decibel pae kaomi kani 20μPa

 

A, e nānā kāua inā maopopo ʻoe a ʻaʻole paha.

[Nīnau] 1. ʻO ka mana o 30dBm

[Nīnau] 2. Ke manaʻo nei he 46dBm ka huina hoʻopuka o ke kelepona, ke loaʻa nā antenna 2, ʻo ka mana o kahi antenna hoʻokahi.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-17-2021